BF 879 
• B88 
1859 
Copy 1 



BF 879 riJeAYj/.3 (£ 




NUMBERING OF THE ORGANS, 

IN ACCORDANCE WITH LATE DISCOVERIES. 



1. Sexual Love. 


24. Accumulation. 


47. Wonder. 


70. Size. 


2. Connubial Love. 


25. Evasion. 


48. Credulity. 


71. Weight. 


3. Duality. 


26. Reserve. 


49. Spirituality. 


72. Color. 


4. Union fob Life. 


27. Policy. 


50. Antiquity. 


73. Precision. 


5. Love of Pets. 


28. Timidity. 


51. Adoration. 


74. System. 


6. Love of Children. 


29. Restraint. 


52. Deference. 


75. Number. 


7. Parental Love. 


30. Prudence. 


53. Sympathy. 


76. Locality. 


8. Sociality. 


31. Emulation. 


54. Liberality. 


77. Eventuality. 


9. Friendship. 


32. Solicitude. 


55. Kindness. 


78. Association. 


10. Love of Family. 


33. Display. 


56. Construction. 


79. Measure. 


11. Inhabitiveness. 


34. Ambition. 


57. Invention. 


80. Time. 


12. Connectedness. 


35. Independence, 


58. Refinement. 


81. Modulation. 


13. Application. 


36. Dignity. 


59. Perfection. 


82. Tune. 


14. VlTATIVENESS. 


37. Self-Confidence. 


60. Enthusiasm. 


83. Chronology. 


IS. Defence. 


. 38. Will. 


61. Grandeur. 


84. Language. 


16. Defiance. 


39. Perseverance. 


62. Gesture. 


85. Verbal Memory. 


17. Courage. 


40. Decision. 


63. Mimicry. 


86. Contrivance. 


18. Extermination. 


41. Circumspection. 


64. Imitation. 


87. Causality - . 


in. Execuxiveness. 


42. Faithfulness. 


65. Mirth. 


88. Comparison. 


2<>. Appetite for Solids. 


43. Justice. 


66. Wit. 


89. Criticism. 


21. Appetite for Liquids. 


44. Retrospection. 


67. Observation. 


90. Intuition. 


22. Hoarding. 


45. Hope Present. 


68. Individuality. 


91. Blandness. 


23. Economy. 


46. Hope Future. 


69. Form. 


92. Persuasion. 



THE 



Phrenological Delineator. 

% Compenbhim of pjrewlffgg; 

INCLUDING 

RECENT DISCOVERIES IN RELATION TO THE BRAIN, TEM- 
PERAMENTS, AND OTHER CONDITIONS OF BODY 
, WHICH AFFECT MENTALITY. 

TOGETHER WITH 

A CHART OF THE 

PHRENOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS 



AS GIVEN BY 



BY D? P. BUTLER, 

PRACTICAL PHEEl^OLOaiST. 

FIETH EDITION, REVISED. 
; Nothing tends more to the corruption of science than to suffer it to stagnate." 

BOSTON: 
D. P. BUTLER, PUBLISHER, 

142 WASHINGTON STREET. 

1 85 9. 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1856, by 
D. P. BUTLER, 

In the Clerk's Offioa of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts. 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1859, by 
D. P. BUTLER, 

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts 



STEREOTYPED AT THE 
BOSTON STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY. 



INTRODUCTION. 



This book does not claim originality, so far as the general principles 
of Phrenology, and the evidence upon which they are founded, are con- 
cerned ; but does claim certain important discoveries in reference to the 
practical application of Phrenology in the delineation of character : it 
recognizes the fact that what has formerly been considered as one temper- 
ament is in reality two or more, resembling each other more than any other 
temperament, and yet possessing a distinctive, individual influence both 
upon the mind and body. Por examples, see under the head of Tem- 
perament. It also includes several "other conditions" not heretofore 
recognized, and which we consider essential to a proper appreciation of 
both the mental and physical condition. Many parts of the brain here- 
tofore considered individual are now recognized as several organs, with 
more or less similarity of function, yet distinct and independent. 

In their classification, nomenclature, and numerical relations, these 
discoveries and discriminations may be considered as divisions of the 
original temperaments and organs ; but in a strictly scientific and philo- 
sophical sense they are independent conditions, which have been mis- 
taken in this respect, in consequence of the similarity of the functions 
of the members of each group, but which has not led to serious errors, 
when considered in reference only to the general condition of the indi- 
vidual. 

The nomenclature of this new system is not as satisfactory as the 
author could wish, yet it is such as seemed most appropriate at the time ; 
but we hope, with more mature reflection, and the suggestions of phre- 
nologists and friends generally, to be able to improve it in future edi- 
tions. Our principal aim has been to give a correct analysis and descrip- 

(?) 



4 



INTRODUCTION. 



tion of the function of each condition, so that character may be appre- 
ciated correctly in making phrenological examinations. 

In reference to the reliability of these discoveries, we have only to say 
that they are the honest convictions of twelve years' unremitting toil, 
observation, and experience as a practical phrenologist, during which 
time we have made more than one hundred thousand tests ; and we 
have invariably been considered the most successful in our delineations 
of character when adhering most rigidly to these discriminations ; in- 
deed, for a critically reliable examination they are indispensable. 

We will anticipate an objection to the practicability of this new sys- 
tem, viz. : that the distinctions are too minute. "We answer, first, that 
this objection will be raised by those who are least prepared to judge of 
the fact ; and, secondly, that it is inconsistent, as many of the original 
organs occupy even less surface ; and to all we would say, the God of 
nature has thus ordained, and we are not to be censured for discovering 
it. For proof we refer to the general argument and facts in favor of 
Phrenology as a science, and especially to phrenological examinations by 
those who are admitted to be competent ; and, finally, that whatever 
theory or speculation may teach, the facts are uncontrovertible ; and, in 
the language of the immortal Spurzheim, " One fact is to me more pos- 
itive than a thousand metaphysical opinions." 

We wish to be just, and therefore would say that our attention was 
first called to this subject by suggestions in reference to several of the 
organs of the brain by O. S. and L. N. Fowler, and their sister, Mrs. 
Charlotte Wells ; and if there is aught that is worthy in these pages, 
much of it is due to the teachings of these real friends of humanity. 

P. S. — To prevent misunderstanding we will state that we do not 
propose any essential^ changes, as to the location or functions of the 
organs established b,y Gall, Spurzheim, Combe, and the Fowlers. 
Our claim consists in the discovery of additional organs and conditions, 
and the division of many of the original organs, and of the Temperaments. 



EXPLANATION. 



This compendium is adapted as a record of the phrenological devel- 
opments of an individual. All persons are supposed to possess, in a 
greater or less degree, every condition peculiar to humanity. To desig- 
nate the relative degree of each condition, a scale from one to seven is 
used, the figures of which correspond with certain terms, as follows : 
1. Indicating Yery Small ; 2. Small ; 3. Moderate ; 4. Average ; 5. Full ; 
6. Large ; 7. Very Large. 

A curved dash [^] over the number indicates that the condition op- 
posite the figure needs cultivation ; a curved dash [ w ] under, that it 
needs restraint, regulation, or proper direction. The sign plus [-{-] indi- 
cates one third of a degree additional ; the sign mimes [ — ] one third less. 

As it is impossible for other than an experienced phrenologist to de- 
scribe the minutiae of the character of an individual from a marked 
chart, we have adapted this as perfectly as possible to a general outline 
description ; hence we have described the character as indicated by the 
various degrees of the groups of organs, instead of the individual organs ; 
at the same time the phrenologist can appreciate the character as cor- 
rectly by the numbers representing the degrees of the organs as though 
there was a description accompanying. 

1 * (5) 



PHRENOLOGY. 



Pheenology is the science which investigates and explains the recip- 
rocal relations that exist between the mind and the physical organiza- 
tion in general, but especially between the brain and the mind, each 
considered in the aggregate and in all its parts. 

The principles and theory of Phrenology, and the evidence and facts 
upon which they are founded, are as follows : — 

I. The brain is the organ of the mind, or the seat and centre of all 
mental sensation and action. 

First. Mental manifestation never occurs independent of a brain. 
Second. Mental manifestation is in proportion to cerebral development 
Third. Consciousness assures us that mental action occurs in the 
brain. 

Fourth. Mental derangement is the uniform result of disease of the 
brain. 

Fifth. Pressure on the brain suspends consciousness. 
Sixth. Injuries of the brain always affect the mind. 
Seventh. Cerebral agitation and mental excitement are simultaneous 
and equal. 

Eighth. At all periods of life the mental phenomena correspond to 
the conditions of the brain. 

Ninth. Imbecility invariably follows want of vigor in, or disorgani- 
zation of, the brain. 

II. The mind is not a unit, but consists of a plurality of powers or 
faculties, each of which performs a distinct class of functions. 

First. A plurality of faculties allows the greatest variety and perfec- 
tion of the mental operations. 

Second. Consciousness assures us that many faculties may be in action 
at the same time. 

Third. We can simultaneously do several things necessarily requiring 
different faculties. 

(?) 



THE PHRENOLOGICAL DELINEATOR, 



Fourth. Circumstances being the same, mental manifestation is not 
equal and uniform, either in kind or degree, in the same individual. 

Fifth. Partial insanity would be impossible if the mind were a unit, 
but, in fact, is frequent. 

III. The brain is a congeries of as many parts or organs as the mind 
has faculties — each organ being adapted to the manifestation of a par- 
ticular faculty, or distinct class of mental functions. 

First. The mental manifestations are not uniform in degree of power, 
nor in kind, in the same or in different individuals, the size of the brain 
being the same, and circumstances equal. 

Second. Other conditions being' equal, mental manifestation is in 
harmony with the form of the brain and size of the organs. 

Third. Particular forms of brain and size of organs, with correspond- 
ing character, are distinctly transmitted from parents to children. 

Fourth. The differences of the size of the organs correspond with 
the known differences in the character of the opposite sexes in the dif- 
ferent species. 

Fifth. Injuries and disease of any given portion of the brain produce 
a corresponding mental condition. 

Sixth. The positive rest and relief experienced by varying mental 
effort, thus calling into action other organs. 

Seventh. The excessive exercise of a faculty causes local inflamma- 
tion of its corresponding organ. 

Eighth. Artificial pressure of any portion of the brain causes a de- 
crease of the corresponding mental power. 

Ninth. The power of manifestation of any faculty decreases, or ceases 
to exist, in proportion to the loss or removal of its corresponding organs. 

Tenth. The various types of brain, both of the human species and 
the animal kingdom, as individuals and as distinct races, correspond 
with their natural characteristics. 

Eleventh. The truthfulness of phrenological examinations: 1. The 
healthy subject. 2. The diseased living subject. 3. Post mortem exam- 
inations of the brain and skull. 4. Comparative anatomy. 5. Pathol- 
ogy throughout the animal kingdom. 

IV. Other conditions being equal, the size of the brain and of each 
organ indicates the power of its function. 

First. The law of size as determining power is universal, and shown 
by all precedent and analogy. 

Second. It is in accordance with the universal experience and obser- 
vations of phrenologists. 



COMPENDIUM OP PHRENOLOGY, ETC. 



9 



Third. Anti-phrenologists have never been able to bring any rebut- 
ting evidence. 

V. The organs of the brain and the faculties of the mind vary in 
degree of development and power originally in different individuals, and 
also in the same individual. 

First. Admitting the doctrine of hereditary descent, it follows as a 
necessity. 

Second. The mutual change in form of brain and in disposition and 
degree of capacity, at different periods of life, is undeniable. 

Third. The evidence to show the variety in disposition and talent, 
and corresponding forms of brain, is conclusive. 

VI. The organs of the brain are double, one of each in either hem- 
isphere, uniformly and correspondingly located. 

First. It corresponds with the duality of the organs and functions 
of the body. 

Second. This arrangement best protects against the loss of the use of 
the faculties. 

Third. The hemispheres of the brain are uniform in development, 
and character may be correctly described from either. 

Fourth. If both organs of a faculty are destroyed, the faculty ceases 
to manifest itself, but continues to act if one organ remains. 

VII. The conditions of brain and mind are distinctly transmitted 
from parents to children. 

First. The law that like begets like is universal. 

Second. Children generally resemble their parents more than others. 

Third. The facts of hereditary descent are notorious and innumerable. 

VIII. The faculties of the mind and the organs of the brain recipro- 
city increase by exercise and decrease by inaction, so long as the vigor 
of the physical and mental constitution remains unimpaired. 

First. This law is general, governing both brain and body, and con- 
sequently applicable to the individual organs. 

Second. It is demonstrated by casts taken from the same brains at 
intervals, of years. 

Third. It accords with the universal observation and experience of 
all who are qualified to judge of the facts. 

Fourth. It is demonstrated by phrenological examinations of the 
same person at different periods. 



10 THE PHRENOLOGICAL DELINEATOR, 

The Natural Conditions upon which mental manifestation depends 
are the following : — 

I. THE SIZE OE THE BRAIN, all other conditions being equal, 
determines the aggregate amount of mental power ; and the size of each 
organ indicates the power of its corresponding faculty. 

These other conditions are numerous, and exceedingly important. An. 
average sized brain frequently manifests more power than a large one, 
because " all other conditions" are not equal. A very large brain, with 
the "other conditions" very unfavorable, indicates mental weakness, 
instead of power, and even idiocy is not unfrequently the result ; but 
if the " other conditions " are, to the greatest extent, favorable, the 
result is, a degree of mental power that commands the attention not 
only of a nation, but of the world. These other conditions more gen- 
erally accompany brains of full or average than those of the largest size. 
The adage that "valuable articles are done up in small bundles" is often 
applicable to the brain ; but when the article is of the same quality, its 
worth is in proportion to its amount ; so of the brain. 

The principal conditions of organization which modify the power of 
the brain to manifest mentality are, — 

1. Size of body; 2. Healthiness; 3. Texture; 4. Sohdity and com- 
pactness ; 5. Balance of bodily functional power ; 6. Activity ; 7. Ex- 
citability ; 8. Balance between brain and body ; 9. Balance of brain ; 
10. Temperament ; 11. Natural strength, elasticity, and endurance of 
constitution. 

It is understood that education, diet, habits, rest, fatigue, excitement, 
and all outward circumstances have great effect in determining the de- 
gree of mental power ; but these being the same, mental power will be 
in proportion to the strength and perfection of the natural physical 
organization. No possible degree of culture can compensate for a want 
of natural functional power. 

Yery large. This size of brain, " other conditions " being equal, 
indicates the highest degree of mental power, giving its possessor a com- 
manding personal influence ; the ability to control circumstances, and to 
rise to preeminence in consequence of inherent independent mental 
power and natural superiority ; the capacity to mould public opinion 
and action at will ; does every thing upon the largest scale ; is the indi- 
vidual for great occasions and emergencies ; does with the greatest ease 
what others, for want of power, utterly fail to accomplish ; is, in fact, 
mentally a giant ; and if education and circumstances are favorable in 
proportion to the natural power, gains a world-wide notoriety ; if the 
" other conditions " fcre but moderately favorable, may accomplish less 



COMPENDIUM OF PHRENOLOGY, ETC. 



11 



than many others who have much less brain, but in a more favorable 
condition ; the other conditions oeing very unfavorable, is weak minded, 
and perhaps idiotic. 

Large. This size of head, other conditions being equal, is accom- 
panied by a strong, comprehensive mind, with sufficient power to be a 
leader, and to rise to eminence ; with an education corresponding to the 
capacity of the mind, concentrated upon the accomplishment of a spe- 
cific object, and so directed as to bring the strongest powers to act in 
harmony, will rise to preeminence, have a national reputation, and find 
but few equals ; with the other conditions only full or average, will oc- 
casionally manifest indications of greatness, but will fail to accomplish 
any thing really great, and will attract little, if any, public attention ; 
the other conditions being moderate, will best do things on a large scale, 
but will seldom act at all to any purpose ; will have very little personal 
mfluence, and be controlled by more limited but more efficient minds. 

Full. The " other conditions " are most frequently found favorable 
with this size of brain. If in the highest degree favorable, is capable 
of becoming distinguished, and is remarkably smart and successful in 
proportion to his power ; acting in combination with other and stronger 
minds, may direct them, and by their aid accomplish something truly 
great, yet is not capable of great achievements in the independent exer- 
cise of his own powers ; the other conditions being only full or average, 
will do well in ordinary affair's, but utterly fail in more comprehensive 
and important matters ; moderate or small, will neither do nor be much. 

Average. One with this size of brain, and other conditions very 
favorable, may do well in his sphere, but will be inadequate to great 
undertakings ; may act under the direction of stronger minds, and so 
become distinguished in his particular and appropriate vocation, but out 
of his sphere will be very commonplace ; the other conditions being 
moderate, will not have common sense. 

Moderate. One with this size of brain must necessarily possess a 
contracted mind. If the other conditions are in the highest degree 
favorable, -will be smart in . little matters, but even there require the 
direction of a stronger mind ; the other conditions being moderate, will 
be an idiot. 

Small or Very Small. No matter what are the other conditions, 
one with this size of head is absolutely a natural fool. 

II. SIZE OF BODY. The larger the body, other conditions being 
equal, the greater is its functional power ; and as the brain depends 
upon the body for its nourishment and vigor, so the mind and its organ, 
the brain, must correspond in functional power with the body ; hence an 



12 



THE PHRENOLOGICAL DELINEATOR, 



average or full- sized brain, -with a large or very large body, manifests 
more power than an organization with these conditions reversed. 

As a general rule, greatness is accompanied by both a large brain and 
a large body; or, if the body is not large, the " other conditions," such 
as Texture, Compactness, Healthiness, Balance of Pimctional Power, 
Temperament, Activity, &c, are in the highest degree favorable, there- 
by, to a great extent, compensating for the deficiency in size. 

III. HEALTHINESS. All are familiar with the effect of debility 
and sickness in modifying the power of the individual, both mentally 
and physically. In proportion as a person is unhealthy and debilitated, 
he is in reality sick ; and there is a corresponding deficiency in func- 
tional vigor and power, as well of the brain as of the body. A small, 
but vigorously healthy individual will both enjoy and accomplish much 
more than one who possesses great natural power, but is sickly. All 
other conditions being the same, the power will be exactly proportionate 
to the healthiness. A perfectly healthy man or woman is a rare curios- 
ity ; but, when found, accomplishes wonders in proportion to the size 
of brain and body. 

With three fourths of any community, physiological discipline would 
do far more to develop strength and harmony of mind than all the study 
in the world. Were health the rule and sickness the exception, instead 
of vice versa, which is the present condition of society, it is entirely 
v>ithin bounds to say that the aggregate increase of mental power would 
be fifty per cent. 

IY. TEXTURE. This is one of the most important conditions 
which modify the law of size, as applied to the brain and body. The 
amount being the same, the finer the organization the more favorable is 
it to health and endurance, and especially to mental development. 

No one is ignorant of the importance of this condition as applied to 
the different kinds of wood, the various mineral substances, and the uni- 
versal vegetable kingdom. Agriculturalists and horticulturalists know 
the superiority of fine over coarse grained vegetables and fruits too well 
to base their selection of either upon size, without reference to quality. 
Every mechanic knows the superior strength, beauty, and value of fine- 
grained material of all kinds. Phrenologists recognize the same principle 
in its application to the brain and body, and, through them, to the mind. 

V. COMPACTNESS. This condition of organization indicates 
much power and weight in proportion to size. The power both of the 
beam and the body can be more correctly estimated by xceight than by 



COMPENDIUM OF PHRENOLOGY, ETC. 13 

mere outline or bulk. As is the condition of the body, so is that of thw. 
brain, in reference to both texture and solidity ; so that the condition of 
cither brain or body may be determined by an observation of the other. 

It is a universal law of nature that the more of compactness and 
solidity any body possesses, the greater, in proportion to its size, is its 
power of efficient action and of passive resistance. The importance of 
this condition in the various kinds of wood, metal, &c, is manifest ; nor 
is it less important or more difficult of observation in animate than inan- 
imate nature. 

VI. BALANCE OF PHYSICAL POWER, or, the symmetry 
and perfection of the bodily organization. The size of the brain and 
body being proportionately equal, this condition, more than any other, 
is essential to health and mental vigor ; it is the real strength of the 

■onstitution. In proportion as there is a want of harmony in the 
strength of the various bodily functions, there is a deficiency of power, 
and a tendency to physical debility and an early death. The more per- 
fect is the balance of bodily functions, the more vigorous are the brain 
and mind, and the greater the probabilities of long life. 

VII. BALANCE OP MENTAL POWER,. An harmonious de- 
velopment of the brain is as essential to the strength and perfection of 
the mind as a balance of the conditions of the body to its perfection and 
strength. If the brain is uneven, the largest organs have too little, and 
the smallest too much, restraint ; and, whether acting singly, or in com- 
bination with other organs, they do not sustain and balance each other ; 
hence there can be neither the strength nor perfection which would 
result from an even and harmonious development. The motto that 
union gives strength is strictly applicable to the conditions of both the 
brain and the body, and to the organization as a whole. 

VIII. BALANCE BETWEEN THE BRAIN AND BODY 
The brain exhausts and the body manufactures vitality and the living 
principle generally. If the brain is disproportionately larger than the 
body, the supply of vital nourishment and vigor is not equal to the 
necessities and demands of the brain ; hence its action must be corre- 
spondingly less vigorous and efficient ; and when the body is thus robbed 
of its necessary support, general debility and inefficiency must conse- 
quently ensue, and disease soon follows. 

If the brain and body are well balanced, the demand and supply are 
equal, and a vigorous condition, alike favorable to health and mental 
development, is secured both to the brain and the body. When the 
2 



14 



THE PHRENOLOGICAL DELINEATOR, 



body greatly predominates over the brain, the action of the latter is too 
violent, the character too impulsive ; and as both are overcharged, the 
individual is liable to those diseases of brain and body which usually 
accompany an excess of vitality. 

LX. EXCITABILITY. This condition renders one susceptible to 
surrounding influences ; is easily called into action ; gives the capabil- 
ity for greater effort, for the time being, than the other conditions can 
permanently sustain ; produces the highest degree of intensity of thought 
and feeling, and adapts one to emergencies and off-hand, impromptu 
efforts. 

If the mental temperament predominates, the excitability takes an 
intellectual direction ; if the vital and motive are the leading tempera- 
ments, it displays itself in physical excitement ; if the vital greatly pre- 
dominates, the feelings are most conspicuous ; if the motive controls, it 
is manifested in impulsive muscular action. 

X. ACTIVITY. This is quite as essential as size, in relation to 
both brain and body. While size gives momentum, activity imparts 
quickness, industry, and efficiency. A large brain or body, deficient in 
activity, acts slowly and sluggishly, and fails to adapt itself to circum- 
stances and render its power available. 

The kind or direction of activity depends upon the temperaments ; 
if the brain is large, and the nervous temperament predominates, the 
activity is intellectual ; if the vital rules, activity is manifested in busi- 
ness pursuits ; if the motive predominates, great muscular control and 
ease of action are indicated. 

XI. PROPELLING POWER. The strength of this condition is 
indicated by the width of the head directly between and behind the 
ears, by the size of the cerebellum, and by the amount of brain in the 
crown of the head. The individual faculties are, Destructiveness, Com- 
bativeness, Yitativeness, Amativeness, Firmness, Self-Esteem, Approba- 
tiveness, and Hope. Those faculties located betAveen and behind the 
ears are the most executive in their nature ; while those in the crown act 
as prompters and directors. The cerebellum gives general animal force. 

XII. TEMPERAMENT. This term is employed by phrenologists 
to designate the functional power of the various classes of corporeal 
organs, and the kind of influence which they exert upon both the men- 
tal and physical condition of an individual. 

It is scarcely possible to overrate the importance of a favorable ten?- 



COMPENDIUM OP PHRENOLOGY, ETC. 



15 



perament in determining either the power, tone, or direction of the 
mind. The temperaments are modified, and capable of being even radi- 
cally changed, by the diet, exercise, and habits of the individnal ; there 
is also a gradual and inherent natural change of temperament all 
through life. 

Mr. Fowler, in his " Synopsis of Phrenology," gives the fonowing 
definitions and classification of the temperaments : — 

" 1. The Lymphatic, or that in which the various secreting glands 
are the most active portion of the system, produces an ease-seeking dis- 
position of mind and body, and aversion to effort. Hence it tends to 
lengthen out life, as is evident from its predominating more in young 
children and advanced age. Signs — soft and abundant flesh ; slow but 
steady pulse ; love of ease ; light hair ; and great size of the abdominal 
viscera. The author regards this temperament in a more favorable light 
than do most other phrenologists. 

"2. The Sanguine, or that in which the arterial portion of the sys- 
tem, which gives circulation to the various fluids, particularly the blood, 
predominates in activity, is accompanied with strong feelings, warm 
passions, and a great amount of ardor, zeal, activity, and warmth of 
feeling, yet with less endurance and power. Its predominance indicates 
a strong constitution, love of physical pleasure, and a stirring business 
talent ; combined with much of the lymphatic, it is less favorable to the 
mental manifestations, and requires much exercise in the open air. Signs 
— sandy or auburn hair ; fair skin ; a fresh, florid countenance ; blue 
eyes ; a strong, rapid pulse ; warm passions ; a deep and broad chest 
and shoulders ; a stout, well-built frame, &c. 

" 3. The Bilious, or that in which the osseous and muscular portions 
of the system predominate in activity, produces great physical strength, 
endurance and power both of body and mind, with great force and en- 
ergy of mind and character. Signs — a bony, muscular, athletic frame; 
black hair ; dark skin ; dark eyes ; a strong, steady pulse ; hardness of 
flesh ; bones projecting, &c. 

" 4. The Nervous, or that in which the brain and the nerves pre 
dominate in activity, gives clearness of perception, quickness of mind 
and body, susceptibility to excitement, with less power and endurance. 
Signs — light, fine, and thin hair ; a thin, clear, delicate skin ; smaller 
frame ; head relatively large ; small chest ; rapid, but not hard or strong 
pulse, &c. 

" The nervous predominant, with a large share of the bilious and san- 
guine, combines a great amount of power and endurance of mind and 
body, with great activity and excitability, and is more favorable to intel- 



18 



THE PHRENOLOGICAL DELINEATOR, 



lectual pursuits and vigor of thought and feeling than perhaps any other. 
When one of this temperament enjoys, he enjoys intensely, and when he 
suffers, his sufferings are extremely excruciating. 

" The sanguine-bilious is -not an unfavorable temperament, nor partic- 
ularly favorable ; but whilst it gives a great amount of mental power, it 
is frequently, though not always, coupled with some manifest deficiency. 

" The nervo-bilious unites great power with great activity ; and, 
although it seldom gives great brilliancy, it produces that kind of talent 
which will stand the test, and shine in proportion as it is brought into 
requisition. A good share of the sanguine added, is more favorable to 
the manifestations of mind, and also of physical power, than probably 
any other. ' ~ 

" The bilious, combined with the lymphatic, gives considerable power of 
rnind and strength of body, accompanied with so much heaviness and in- 
dolence as to be less favorable ; yet if one with this temperament acts under 
strong excitement, his efforts tell with power upon the object in view. 

" The nervo-sanguineous, with but little bilious, gives extreme inten- 
sity of action, and perhaps brilliancy of talent, with vivid feelings and 
conceptions ; yet, for want of the strength imparted by the bilious tem- 
perament, the mental operations will be flashy, vapid, and too intense to 
remain long enough to amount to much, the activity being too great for 
the strength. 

" But the following classification and naming of the temperaments 
appears to the author more simple and comprehensive, and less liable to 
be misunderstood, than those now used. Man's physical organization is 
composed of three instead of four classes of organs, namely : — 

" I. The Vital Temperament, or the nourishing apparatus, embra- 
cing those internal organs contained within the trunk, which manufac- 
ture vitality, create and sustain animal life, and resupply those energies 
expended by every action of the brain, nerves, or muscles. This tem- 
perament is analogous to the sanguine and lymphatic temperaments. 

" II. The Motive Apparatus, or the bones, muscles, tendons, &c, 
which gives physical strength and bodily motion, and constitutes the 
framework of the body. This is analogous to the bilious temperament. 

" III. The Mental Apparatus, or nervous temperament, embracing 
the brain and nervous system, the exercise of which produces mind, 
thought, feeling, sensation, &c. (For a full description of these tempera- 
ments, and their effects on mind and character, see * Fowler's Practical 
Phrenology,' pp. 10 to 23.) " 



We think the above arrangement and explanation of the tempera- 
ments to be excellent ; but for practical purposes we consider a division 



COMPENDIUM OP PHRENOLOGY, ETC. 



17 



or more minute classification of them necessary. The following appears 
to us to be preferable, because it is not less truthful and comprehensive, 
and yet is much more practical and discriminating. 

I. VITAL APPARATUS. 

First. Digestive Temperament. This part of the vital tempera- 
ment includes all the organs of excretion, secretion, and digestion, of 
which the most prominent signs are, a large abdomen and abundant and 
soft flesh. 

The diseases to which this temperament is most liable are, dropsy, 
humors, gout, swellings, &c. ; pulmonary complaints, dyspepsia, and 
nervous affections are seldom found to accompany it. 

One with this temperament predominant takes life easily; dislikes 
hard labor, either physical or mental ; thinks much of good living, and 
of enjoying life ; succeeds by tact, judgment, social influence, position, 
and long life, rather than by work, either as a student or a business 
man. 

Second. Thoracic Temperament. This division of the vital tem- 
perament includes the heart and lungs, and is the centre of vital power 
and action ; it is the most important condition of the vital temperament, 
for upon it depend the two principal forces of the organism — animal 
heat and motion. The principal signs are, a deep and broad chest; 
abundant and hard flesh ; and a ruddy complexion. 

This temperament is liable to inflammatory diseases and sudden 
attacks ; fevers of the most violent type ; diseases of the heart ; apo- 
plexy, &c. 

Persons in whom it predominates are inclined to out- door exercise 
and employment ; dislike confinement and sedentary pursuits ; have vig- 
orous health, and can endure much fatigue and exposure, but like active 
business pursuits better than constant bone and muscle labor ; have strong 
feelings and almost uncontrollable impulsiveness when excited ; and are 
seldom quiet or patient. 

Third. Arterial Temperament. This includes the arteries, veins, 
&c, and is the medium for the distribution of vitality and the living 
principle generally from the vital centres to the extremities, surface, and 
all parts of the brain and body. The leading signs are, large veins 
and arteries; rapid and uniform pulse; red or sandy hair, and florid 
complexion. 

This temperament is favorable to the highest degree of physical sen- 
2 * 



18 



THE PHRENOLOGICAL DELINEATOR, 



sitiveness, clearness of mind, and intensity of thought and feeling ; it is 
alike favorable to business, literary or professional pursuits. 

II. MOTIVE APPARATUS . 

First Muscular. Temperament. ' This includes the muscles, sinews, 
tendons, &c. — all those portions of the muscular system which are called 
into action in the performance of general physical labor. Its most prom- 
inent signs are, strongly-marked features ; distinctly-marked muscles ; 
hard but spare flesh ; dark complexion, eyes, and hah-, the latter- gener- 
ally abundant and coarse. 

One -with tins temperament predominant is most liable to indigestion, 
poor circulation of the blood, liver complaints, gravel, piles, and bilious 
tendencies ; is more inclined to the chronic and lingering than to the 
acute and inflammatory forms of disease. 

This temperament is favorable to great endurance of both mental and 
physical exertion, and to a desire for constant muscular action ; loves 
hard work ; has great industry, and strong and positive character, but 
less brilliancy; if the texture is fine, is inclined to mental exertion; if 
coarse, to physical labor. 

Second. Bony Temperament. This includes all the bones, or the 
entire osseous system. It gives form and strength, but not the tough- 
ness peculiar to the muscular temperament. Its indications are, promi- 
nent cheek bones ; large joints, and large outlines of body generally. 

in. MENTAL APPARATUS. 

First. Cephalic Temperament. This comprehends the brain, and 
that condition only. The degree of development is indicated by the 
amount of brain ; when predominant it is indicated by the following 
signs : Lead large in proportion to the body ; organization generally del- 
icate, slender, and tall, instead of stocky or corpulent; flesh limited; 
bones and muscles comparatively small. 

The habihties to disease are, brain fever, dyspepsia, consumption, and 
insanity. 

This temperament develops mentality, instead of physical force and 
strength ; it inclines to thought and the acquisition of knowledge ; gives 
an intellectual direction to the mind, and qualifies for professional and 
literary pursuits rather than active business or bone and muscle labor. 

Second. Nervous Temperament. This includes the spinal column 
and the nerves which extend from it to all parts of the body, and is the 



COMPENDIUM OP PHRENOLOGY, ETC. 



19 



medium of nervous commimication between the brain and body. The 
more largely developed and perfect its condition, the more promptly and 
correctly can the individual manifest the state of the mind in physical 
action. The principal signs are, fine, clear, delicate skin ; small and 
sharp features ; thin hps ; pointed nose ; teeth pointed, small, and liable 
to early decay ; bones generally small and pointed ; hair fine, .light, 
and thin ; keen, bright, intelligent eyes ; expressive countenance ; small 
and narrow chest and abdomen ; and extreme sensitiveness to physical 
suffering. 

The habihties are to nervous diseases, spinal complaints, &c. 

Its effect upon the mind is to give clearness of intellect, intensity of 
feeling, and desire to be constantly employed with both mind and hands ; 
it craves excitement ; is impatient, the thoughts arid feelings demanding 
immediate gratification ; has the ability to work out at the ringers' ends 
whatever the mind demands, and is preeminently smart and active, but 
not powerful. 



CLASSIFICATION OP THE FACULTIES. 

ORDER I. 
AFFECTIVE FACULTIES OR FEELINGS. 

GENUS I. 

PROPENSITIES. 

Species I. 

SOCIAL AND DOMESTIC PROPENSITIES. 

These faculties include Amativeness, Philoprogenitiveness, Adhesive- 
ness, and Inhabitiveness. 

Very Large or Large, makes any sacrifices necessary for the fam- 
ily ; is exceedingly affectionate, and either very happy or very misera- 
ble in the marriage and parental relations ; and attracts many friends, 
and is very fond of their society. 

Full or Average, makes reasonable sacrifices for the family ; circum- 



20 



THE PHRENOLOGICAL DELINEATOR, 



stances being favorable, is affectionate and happy, but not predominantly 
and passionately so. 

Moderate or Small, is not well adapted to the marriage and domes- 
tic relations ; not capable of being an affectionate companion, parent, or 
friend. 

Species II. 

SELFISH PROPENSITIES. 

These include Vitativeness, Combativeness, Destructiveness, Alimen- 
tiveness, Acquisitiveness, and Secretiveness. They provide for the purely 
selfish and animal wants ; are adapted to the necessities, desires, and 
gratifications of their possessor, and terminate upon his sensual interests 
and wants. 

Very Large or Large, has strong and almost ungovernable animal 
passions and selfish impulses ; unless the moral sentiments are still 
stronger, is selfish and grovelling ; has great temptations ; provides for 
self first, under all circumstances. 

Full or Average, has sufficient selfishness for self- protection, and to 
provide for the necessities of life, but is willing to share with others, and 
generally avoids excesses. 

Moderate or Small, does not provide properly for number one ; is 
easily wronged and imposed upon ; is dependent, and needs protection. 

GENUS II. 
SENTIMENTS. 

i 

Species I. 

SELFISH SENTIMENTS. 

These include Cautiousness, Circumspection, Approbativeness, Self- 
Esteem, and Firmness. They belong in common to man and animal, 
but are more peculiar to the human and less to the animal species than 
the selfish propensities, and exert an important influence upon the moral 
character ; they also act as prompters and directors to the propensities, 
adding greatly to the energy, efficiency, and weight of character. 

Very Large or Large, thinks much of and about the character ; 
never does little or mean things ; has lofty aspirations ; is satisfied only 



COMPENDIUM OF PHRENOLOGY, ETC. 



21 



with the highest degree of success, and pursues its object until it is at- 
tained ; has a great amount of character of some kind. 

Full or Average, desires reputation and influence, but not greatly ; 
desires to do something worthy, but attempts within his strength ; does 
not make great sacrifices for position, power, reputation, and success. 

Moderate or Small, is deficient in manliness, efficiency, and weight 
of character ; depends upon others for direction ; is nearly destitute of 
personal influence. 

Species II. 

MORAL AND RELIGIOUS SENTIMENTS. 

These include Conscientiousness, Hope, Marvellousness, Veneration, 
and Benevolence. They elevate man above the animal, and form the 
dividing line between humanity and the brute creation ; originate the 
highest and noblest sentiments of our nature ; render man a moral, ac- 
countable, religious, and spiritual being ; connect him with, and cause 
him to feel his responsibility to, moral and spiritual laws and his God. 

Very Large or Large, recognizes moral, religious, and spiritual 
claims as paramount ; believes in a " higher law ; " sacrifices selfish in- 
terests and animal pleasures ; has great moral influence ; thinks much 
and feels deeply upon moral, religious, and spiritual subjects. 

Full or Average, has considerable moral and religious feeling, good 
motives, but does not make moral and spiritual advancement the prin- 
cipal object of life ; with very large or large propensities, frequently 
yields to temptation ; is not morally reliable under all circumstances. 

Moderate or Small, has but little moral and spiritual feeling ; is 
controlled by the selfish and animal feelings ; needs restraint and moral 
protection. 

Species III. 

SEMI-INTELLECTUAL SENTIMENTS. 

These include Constructiveness, . Ideality, Sublimity, Imitation, and 
Mirthfulness. They create an appreciation of the arts, improvements, 
polite literature, the refinements and elegances of life, &c, and exert a 
perfecting and elevating influence upon the whole character ; give imagi- 
nation, taste, fancy, enthusiasm, and breadth, scope, and loftiness of 
mind, and are essential qualities to the poet, orator, and artist. 



22 



THE PHRENOLOGICAL DELINEATOR, 



ORDER II. 
INTELLECTUAL FACULTIES. 

These have to do with the physical and mental world ; with things 
in general, and their qualities, relations, conditions, &c. ; with the world 
and its contents ; and make man an intelligent animal. 

Very Large, is by nature a truly great man ; possesses the highest 
order of natural talents ; is capable of rising to preeminence. 

Large, is possessed of sufficient natural talent and power of intellect 
to enable him to take a high intellectual stand among men ; yet their 
direction depends upon other causes. 

Full or Average, has sufficient intellect to get along in the world, 
yet not enough to render him eminent for talents. 

Moderate or Small, shows little talent ; lacks sense. 

GENUS I. 

PERCEPTIVE FACULTIES. 

Species I. 

FACULTIES OF THE EXTERNAL SENSES. 
Sensation, Sight, Hearing, Taste, Smell, Motion. 

Species II. 

OBSERVING AND KNOWING FACULTIES. 

These include Individuality, Form, Size, Weight, Color, Order, Num- 
ber, and Locality. They bring man into direct intercourse with the 
physical world ; observe facts of all kinds — that is, the conditions, qual- 
ities, phenomena, and physical relations of material things ; collect and 
treasure up information ; create the desire to see and know things, &c. 

Very Large, is preeminent for the qualities above described ; seizes, 
as if by intuition, upon the properties, conditions, fitness or unfitness, 
and value, &c, of things ; has wonderful powers of observation and 
ability to acquire knowledge ; has a natural taste and talent for exam- 
ining and collecting facts and statistics, studying natural science, &c. 

Large, with advantages knows a great deal about matters and things 
in general ; is very quick of observation and perception ; has a practi- 
cal, matter-of-fact, common-sense tact and talent ; can show off tc 



COMPENDIUM OF PHRENOLOGY, ETC. 



23 



excellent advantage ; appears to know all, and more than he really does 
know ; is capable of being an excellent scholar, or of acquiring and 
retaining knowledge with great facility ; of attending to the details of 
business j and has decidedly a practical intellect. 

Full or Average, possesses fair capacities of the kind above described. 

Moderate or Small, is rather slow of observation and perception ; 
cannot show to be what he really is ; acquires knowledge with diffi- 
culty ; is slow in learning and doing things off-hand, &c. 

Species III. 

SEMI-PERCEPTIVE AND REMEMBERING FACULTIES. 

These include Eventuality, Time, Tune, Chronology, and Language. 
They have to do with action or phenomena, and their conditions, and 
deal them out to the reasoning faculties; enable man to know the past; 
constitute the chief means of communication between man and man ; 
and are essential to scholarship and practical business capacity. 

GENUS II. 

REFLECTIVE AND REASONING FACULTIES. 

This includes the faculties of Causality, Comparison, Intuition, and 
Suavitiveness ; looks beyond mere physical facts and natural phenomena, 
and investigates their causes, abstract and inherent relations, analogies, 
principles, laws, &c. ; originates ideas ; ascertains and applies natural 
laws ; contrives, invents, &c. ; makes man a thinking being ; looks 
through the outward actions and conduct into the inner and mental 
causes which originate them ; constructs theories ; reasons, &c. 

Very Large or Large, possesses very great reasoning and philoso- 
phizing ability ; with perceptive intellect less, has great depth, without 
brilliancy of talent ; shows to be less than he is ; holds out well ; is a 
profound thinker, and an excellent counsellor, when the facts are fully 
presented to his mind. 

Full or Average, with large perceptive organs, is very successful in 
seizing upon and using the plans and ideas originated by others, and in 
this way frequently gets a reputation for originahty, but has not an 
original, cause-discovering mind, and if left to his own resources in this 
respect fails ; cannot become a real philosopher, or a bold, original rea- 



24 



THE PHRENOLOGICAL DELINEATOR, 



Boner or projector ; frequently improves and renders available, but never 
starts the original idea or invention. 

Moderate ok Small, is incapable of planning or reasoning correctly, 
even in ordinary matters ; with strong perceptive organs, may execute 
common work, under the direction of others ; but with the perceptives 
only equal, is an idiot. 



ANALYSIS 01" THE FACULTIES. 

AMATIVENESS. Reciprocal love of the sexes. Sexual and con- 
jugal love. 

1. Sexual Love. Promiscuous love of the opposite sex. 

2. Connubial Love. Love of the sexes in marriage. 

MARRIAGE. Inclination to marry ; desire to caress, fondle, and 
pet the opposite sex. 

3. Duality. Desire to marry ; to caress and fondle ; advocates sec- 
ond marriages. 

4. Union for Life. Loves and marries one only ; opposes second 
marriages. 

PHILOPRO GENITIYENESS. Parental attachment ; love of chil- 
dren, pets, and animals. 

5. Love of Pets in general, but particularly the young and tender. 

6. Love of Children. Fondness for children in general. 

7. Parental Love. Love of one's own offspring ; desire to become 
a parent. 

ADHESrVENRSS. Friendship ; love of society and family ; social 
feeling. 

8. Sociality. Desire to exchange thought and feeling in a social 
manner. 



COMPENDIUM OF PHRENOLOGY, ETC. 25 

9. Friendship. Desire and ability to make friends, and tendency 
and inclination to form hasty attachments. 

10. Love of Family. Family friendship ; desire for a few, but in- 
timate, friends. 

11. INHABITIVENESS. Desire for and love of home, as such; 
patriotism. 

CONCENTBATIVENESS. Application, concentration, and con- 
nectedness of thought and feeling ; patience. This faculty is sui generis, 
and affects both feeling and intellect. 

12. Connectedness. Ability to hold many things in the mind at 
once, distinct and connected. 

13. Application. Power of prompt and concentrated application to 
one thing. 

14. VITATIVENESS. Love of existence, as such; dread of anni- 
hilation ; also tends to repel disease. 

COMBATrVENESS. Defence ; defiance ; courage ; boldness ; 
resentment. 

15. Defence. Feeling of defence ; inclination to resist encroach- 
ments and physical danger. 

16. Defiance. Daring ; disposition to attack, threaten, &c. ; exults 
in victory. 

17. Courage. True courage ; coolness in times of danger ; moral 
courage. 

DESTRUCTIVENESS. Executiveness ; indignation ; severity; ex- 
termination ; revenge, when very large, and not properly balanced. 

18. Extermination. Severity ; the pain causing and enduring qual- 
ity ; utter extermination. 

19. Executiveness. Uniform energy ; thoroughness ; lasting courage. 

3 



26 THE PHRENOLOGICAL DELINEATOR, 

ALIMENTIVENESS. Appetite ; desire for nourishment — food and 
drink ; cause of hunger and thirst. 

20. Appetite pop, Solids. Desire for solid food ; hunger; ability to 
relish food. 

21. Appetite por Liquids. Desire for water and liquid food ; 
thirst. 

ACQUISITIVENESS. Love of acquiring, possessing, saving, and 
hoarding. 

22. Hoarding. Love of possessing and hoarding ; a prompter to 
stinginess and selfishness. 

23. Economy. Ability to make small means answer great and nu- 
merous ends. 

24. Accumulation. Love of accumulating ; a prompter to industry 
and thrift. 

SECRETTVENESS. Desire and ability to secrete, conceal, &c ; 
cunning ; policy ; fondness for intrigue and stratagem. 

25. Evasion. Ability to evade, excuse, get out of difficulty, &c. 

26. Reserve. Inclination to wait until sure of the object ; ability to 
keep dark. 

27. Policy. Management; the ability to make every thing turn to 
good account. 

CAUTIOUSNESS. Carefulness ; restraint ; anxiety ; fear ; provision 
against danger. 

28. Timidity. Suspicion; fear; inclination to make false alarms; 
cowardice. 

29. Restraint. Hesitancy; guardedness; inclination to compro- 
mise and modify. 

30. Prudence. Discretion ; provision against danger. 



COMPENDIUM OF PHRENOLOGY, ETC. 27 

APPROBATIVENESS. Sense of character; ambition; love of 
popularity, fame, notoriety, and display ; solicitude, &c. 

31. Emulation. Desire to excel; rivalry; love of competition; 
desire to win. 

32. Solicitude. Anxiety as to results ; realisation of responsi- 
bility. 

33. Display. Affability; appreciation of etiquette; love of dis- 
play ; sensitiveness. 

34. Sense of Character. Ambition ; desire for reputation, posi- 
tion, and influence. 

SELF-ESTEEM. Self-respect; manliness; love of liberty ; desire 
to lead ; dignity, &c. 

35. Independence. Dislike of dictation and restraint ; love of lib- 
erty ; asks no favors. 

36. Dignity. Self-respect; manliness ; weight of character. 

37. Self-confidence. Self-satisfaction; pride; desire to be mas- 
ter ; the Ego of human nature. 

FinMNESS. Power of will ; perseverance ; stability and fixed- 
ness of character. 

38. Will. A positive determination to have one's own way; dis- 
like of being either coaxed, urged, or driven. 

39. Pepseyerence. The quality that holds on and struggles 
against difficulties until the object is accomplished. 

40. Decision. Promptness of decision ; inclination to decide hastily. 

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. Innate sense of justice and accounta- 
bility ; love of truth ; honesty. 

41. Circumspection. Sense of propriety in expression and con- 
duct. 

42. Faithfulness. Exactness; sense of obligation ; disposition 
to rigidly adhere to the contract and promise. 



28 



THE PHRENLOGTCAL DELINEATOR. 



43. Justice. Desire to reward the right and punish the wrong ; 

desire to be just ; sense of guilt. 

HOPE. Anticipation ; expectation of present and future success 
and happiness ; retrospection. 

44. Retrospection. Delight in reviewing the past, its hopes and 
associations. 

45. Hope Present. Enterprise; faith in present effort, and imme- 
diate success and happiness. 

46. Hope Future. Religious hope ; sense of immortality ; faith 
in future success and happiness. 

MARVELLOUSNESS. Appreciation of the spiritual ; credulity; 
inclination to receive and desire to examine new developments ; favors 
a liberal construction ; belief in the supernatural. 

47. Wonder. Love of the wonderful ; belief in the supernatural. 

48. Credulity. Inclination to receive and desire to examine the 
new and curious ; believes without proof. 

49. Spirituality. Intuitive appreciation of the spiritual, inde- 
pendent of creeds, forms, and theories. 

VENERATION. The feeling which recognizes, worships, and 
adores a Supreme Being; innate conviction of a superintending Prov- 
idence ; sense of the sacred ; deference for superiors ; and respect for 
persons, opinions, and established institutions. 

50. Antiquity. Respect for old persons, ancient things, past asso- 
ciations, &c. 

51. Adoration. The feeling which recognizes, adores, and wor- 
ships a Supreme Being ; regard for the sacred ; conviction of a super- 
intending Providence. 

52. Deference. Innate feeling of deference for persons, opinions, 
superiors, position, precedent, &c. 

BENEVOLENCE. Desire to see and make sentient beings happy ; 
willingness to sacrifice for this end ; kindness ; sympathy for distress ; 
generosity. 

53. Sympathy. Appreciation of suffering and distress. 



COMPENDIUM OF PHRENOLOGY, ETC. 29 

54. Liberality. Desire to do good ; willingness to sacrifice for the 
good of persons or causes. 

55. Kindness. Inclination to perform personal acts of kindness. 

CONSTRUCTIVENESS. Mechanical dexterity and ingenuity; 
desire and ability to use tools, build, invent, employ machinery, &c. 

56. Construction. Ingenuity; mclination and ability to use tools, 
build, &c. 

57. Intention. Ability to discover and apply mechanical principles, 
employ machinery, &c. 

IDEALITY. Imagination ; taste ; fancy ; love of perfection, poetry, 
polite literature, oratory, the beautiful in nature and art, &c. 

58. Refinement. Delicacy, purity and chastity of feeling and 
sentiment. 

59. Perfection. Appreciation of the beautiful and perfect in nature 
and art ; love of poetry, oratory, &c. 

SUBLIMITY. Conception of grandeur ; love of contemplating the 
vast and magnificent in nature and art ; the wild and terrific ; enthu- 
siasm ; tendency to exaggerate. 

60. Enthusiasm. Love of excitement; of the wild, terrific, and 
extravagant. 

61. Grandeur. Appreciation of the sublime, vast, and magnificent 
in nature and art. 

IMITATION. Disposition and ability to pattern, copy, imitate, 
mimic, gesticulate, &c. 

62. Gesture. Inclination and ability to represent or enforce by 
action. 

63. Mimicry. Desire and ability to assume character, mimic, &c. 

3* 



30 



THE PHRENOLOGICAL DELINEATOR, 



64. Imitation. Ability and disposition to pattern and copy. 

MIRTHFULNESS. Original wit ; innate sense of the absurd and 
ludicrous ; the fun-making, joking, ridiculing disposition ; gayety, 
humor, &c. 

65. Gayety. The fun-niaking and joking disposition ; cheerfulness ; 
hilarity. 

66. Wit. Sense of the ludicrous and absurd ; inclination and ability 
to ridicule ; original wit ; perception of the incongruous in thoughts, 
ideas, &c. 

INDIVIDUALITY. Observing and individualizing power and 
desire ; curiosity to see and know ; disposition to specify ; ability to see 
many things at once, and, at the same time, to distinguish accurately 
each from all the rest. 

67. Observation. The desire to see; power of observation. 

68. Individuality. The inchnation and power to individualize; to 
specify ; and to demonstrate by showing. 

69. FORM. Cognizance and recollection of shape or configuration. 

70. SLZE. Cognizance and knowledge of relative magnitude, 
bulk, &c. 

71. WEIGHT. Intuitive perception and application of the prin- 
ciples of specific gravity, projectile forces, momentum, balancing, and 
resistance. 

72. COLOR. Perception and recollection of colors, hues, tints, &c. 

ORDER. System ; arrangement ; a place for things. 

73. Precision. Neatness ; desire to have a place for every thing. 

74. System. Arrangement; acting by rule and method in every 
thing. 



COMPENDIUM OF PHRENOLOGY, ETC. 



31 



75 . NUMBER. Intuitive perception of the relations of numbers ; 
ability to reckon figures in the head ; numerical computation. 

76. LOCALITY. Cognizance and recollection of relative position, 
iooks, and geography of places, &c. ; desire to travel, see the world, &c. 

EVENTUALITY. Recollection of actions, phenomena, occurrences, 
what has taken place, circumstantial and historical facts. 

77. Eventuality. Memory of disconnected facts, events, &c. 

78. Association. Memory of facts, events, &c, by association. 

TIME. Cognizance and recollection of succession, the lapse of 
time, how long ago things occurred ; measure in verse, music, &c. 

79. Measure. Rhythm ; time in verse, music, &c. 

80. Time. Cognizance and recollection of the lapse of time ; how 
long ago things occurred, &c. 

TUNE. Tone ; sense of melody and musical harmony ; ability to 
learn tunes and detect chord and discord by ear ; propensity to sing. 

81. Modulation. Ability to modulate the voice in speaking, read- 
ing, or singing ; innate sense of emphasis and pronunciation ; ability 
to distinguish differences in sounds. 

82. Tune. Sense of melody and musical harmony ; ability to learn 
and remember tunes by ear ; propensity to sing. 

83. CHRONOLOGY. Memory of dates, figures, and mathemat- 
ical calculations generally; love of and capacity for the study of 
chronology. 

LANGUAGE. Power of expressing ideas, feelings, &c, by means 
of words, signs, &c. ; verbal memory ; desire and ability to talk. 

84. Language. Power of expressing ideas, feelings, &c, by means 
of language. 

85. Verbal Memory. Ability to commit to memory and repeat 
language ; ability to express thought and feeling by signs. 

CAUSALITY. Cognizance of the relations of cause and effect, and 



32 THE PHRENOLOGICAL DELINEATOR. 

ability to apply them, or to adapt means to ends ; power of reasoning, 
drawing inferences from premises, discovering first principles, &c. ; philos- 
ophizing talent. 

86. Contrivance. Ability to adapt means to ends ; contrivance 
and ingenuity in planning ; designing ability. 

87. Causality. Power of reasoning, drawing inferences from prem- 
ises, discovering first principles, philosophizing. 

COMPARISON. Perception of analogies, resemblances, differences ; 
ability to compare, illustrate, criticise, classify, generalize, &c. 

88. Comparison. Power of reasoning by illustration and comparison. 

89. Criticism. Power of discrimination and analysis; inclination 
to criticise and make nice distinctions. 

90. INTUITION. Intuitive perception of character, with or with- 
out acquaintance. 

SUAVITIVENESS. Inclination and ability to be persuasive, agree- 
able, pleasant, and whming ; youthfulness ; ability to make a favorable 
impression on first acquaintance. 

91. Blandness. Pleasantry, agreeableness, youthfulness. 

92. Persuasion. Ability to persuade, interest, entice, &c. 



PERFECT MALE AND FEMALE HEADS. 



NUMBERING AND DEFINITION OF THE ORGANS. 



1. Amativeness, Sexual and connubial love. 

2. Philoprogenitiveness, Parental love. 

3. Adhesiveness, Friendship, sociability. 
A. Union for Life, love of one only. 

4. Inhabitiveness, Love of home. 

5. Continuity, One thing at a time. 

6. Combativeness, Resistance, defence. 

7. Destructiveness, Executiveness, force. 

8. Alimentiveness, Appetite, hunger. 

9. Acquisitiveness, Accumulation. 

10. Secretiveness, Policy, management. 

11. Cautiousness, Prudence, provision. 

12. Approbativeness, Ambition, display. 

13. Self-Esteem, Self-respect, dignity. 

14. Firmness, Decision, perseverance. 

15. Conscientiousness, Justice, equity. 

16. Hope, Expectation, enterprise. 

17. Spirituality, Intuition, spiritual revery. 

18. Veneration, Devotion, respect. 

19. Benevolence, Kindness, goodness. 

20. CoNSTRUCTiVENE88,Mechanical ingenuity. 



21. Ideality, Refinement, taste, purity. 

B. Sublimity, Love of grandeur. 

22. Imitation, Copying, patterning. 

23. Mirthfulness, Joccseness, wit, fun. 

24. Individuality, Observation. 

25. Form, Recollection of shape. 

26. Size, Measuring by the eye. 

27. Weight, Balancing, climbing. 

28. Color, Judgment of colors. 

29. Order, Method, system, arrangement. 

30. Calculation, Mental arithmetic. 

31. Locality, Recollection of places. 

32. Eventuality, Memory of facts. 

33. Time, Cognizance of duration. 

34. Tune, Music, Melody by ear. 

35. Language, Expression of ideas. 

36. Causality, Applying causes to effects. 

37. Comparison, Inductive reasoning. 

C. Human Nature, perception of motives 

D. Agreeableness, Pleasantness, suavity. 



NUMBERING OF THE ORGANS, 



IN ACCORDANCE WITH LATE DISCOVERIES. 



I. Sexual Lots. 


24. Accumulation. 


47. Wonder. 


70. Size. 


2. Connubial Love. 


25. Evasion. 


48. Credulity. 


71. Weight. 


3. Duality. 


26. Reserve. 


49. Spirituality. 


72. Color. 


4. Union for Life. 


27. Policy. 


50. Antiquity. 


73. Precision. 


5. Love of Pets. 


28. Timidity. 


51. Adoration. 


74. System. 


6. Love of Children. 


29. Restraint. 


52. Deference. 


75. Number. 


7. Parental Love. 


30. Prudence. 


53. Sympathy. 


76. Locality. 


8. Sociality. 


31. Emulation. 


54. Liberality. 


77. Eventuality. 


9. Friendship. 


32. Solicitude. 


55. Kindness. 


78. Association. 


10. Love of Family. 


33. Display. 


56. Construction. 


79. Measure. 


11. Inhabitiveness. 


34. Ambition. 


57. Invention. 


80. Time. 


12? Connectedness. 


35. Independence. 


58. Refinement. 


81. Modulation. 


13. Application. 


36. Dignity. 


59. Perfection. 


82. Tune. 


14. Vitativeness. 


37. Self-Confidence. 


60. Enthusiasm. 


83. Chronology. 


15. Defence. 


38. Will. 


61. Grandeur. 


84. Language. 


16. Defiance. 


39. Perseverance. 


62. Gesture. 


85. Verbal Memobt. 


17. Courage. 


40. Decision. 


68. Mimicry. 


86. Contrivance. 


18. Extermination. 


41. Circumspection. 


64. Imitation. 


87. Causality. 


19. Executiveness. 


42. Faithfulness. 


65. Mirth. 


88. Comparison. 


20. Appetite for Solids. 


43. Justice. 


66. Wit. 


89. Criticism. 


21. Appetite for Liquids. 


44. Retrospection. 


67. Observation. 


90. Intuition. 


22. Hoarding. 


45. Hope Present. 


68. Individuality. 


91. Blandnesb. 


23. Economy. 


46. Hope Future. 


69. Form. 


92. Persuasion. 




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